Osteoporosis
Basic Principle
Osteoporosis is a age related decrease in bone mineral density of bone where there is thining of the trabecule of the cancellous bone but not the decrease in number of trabecule . This result in fragility fractures in areas where cancellous bone dominent such as the methaphysis and the femeoral neck. There is also thinning of cortical walls but fragility fractures do not usually occure in diaphyseal bone.
Presentation
Osteoporosis is by and large a silent condition in the elderly post menupausal female. It usually present as a fragility fracture.
Fragility fractures occur most commonly in areas where bone are predominantly cancellous bone such as the metaphysis and femoral neck. The common fragility fractures are:
-------Student answer--------
Modifiable risk factors include smoking, excessive alcohol.
Osteoblasts are involved in bone forming by laying down osteoid which then mineralise to bone
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- Distal Radius fractures (Colles Fractures)
- Midshaft fractures of both bones of the forearm treated with closed reduction
- Closed reduction of supracondylar fracture with percutanous pinning and immobilized in acute flexion thus kinking the brachial artery leading to ischemia of the muscles of the firearm.
A) What is the definition of osteoporosis? (4 marks)
- Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease (1 mark)
- Characterized by low bone mass (1 mark)
- microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue (1 mark)
- Leading to increased fragility and fracture risk (1 mark)
- T- score < -2.5 (1 mark)
- (Max 4 marks)
B) Compare and contrast the types of primary osteoporosis. (4 marks)
Answer:
C) What is the function of osteoclasts? (1 mark)
- Bone resorption (1 mark)
D) What is the function of osteoblasts? (1 mark)
- Bone formation (1 mark
A) What is the definition of osteoporosis? (4 marks)
- Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease (1 mark)
- Characterized by low bone mass (1 mark)
- microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue (1 mark)
- Leading to increased fragility and fracture risk (1 mark)
- T- score < -2.5 (1 mark)
- (Max 4 marks)
B) Compare and contrast the types of primary osteoporosis. (4 marks)
Answer:
C) What is the function of osteoclasts? (1 mark)
- Bone resorption (1 mark)
D) What is the function of osteoblasts? (1 mark)
- Bone formation (1 mark
Student answer: without a change in the outer morphology of the bone.